英文的作者是一名在华工作的外籍视觉效果总监，貌似是写于2009年末吧
伊万翻译 转载请注明 原文地址:http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_5f6293e801010m8n.html
ｗｉｎｄｏｗ into the Chinese VFX scene --from a Compositor, VFX Supervisor
Hi there,
大家好，
i thought after being a member of this forum and a western guy living and working in China for 6 years now it might be interesting for some people to learn more about the Chinese VFX scene.
作为在中国居住和工作了6年的西方人，我想现在该是给一些对中国特效行业感兴趣的人们介绍一下中国特效的境况了。
Especially when many complaining that outsourcing companies in Asia cut jobs in the West and many fear that low-wages in the East endanger jobs in the West. No doubt there is a trend towards outsourcing since economic downturn force many producers to look for cheaper options abroad.
特别是不少人抱怨由于亚洲的外包业务导致西方的工作岗位减少而且很多人担心海外发展中国家的低工资威胁到他们的工作岗位。毋庸置疑的是自从经济危机后导致许多制片人开始寻求更便宜的海外制作团队并开始了业务外包的趋势。
I just want to shed some light on the environment domestic artists are forced to work and live in and how they think about us.
我只是想透露一些当下的环境，中国本土的艺术家的工作和生活，以及他们如何看待我们这个特效行业的。
Here are some facts:
这里有一些事实是：
-a junior to mid-level artist earns between 3000-4000 RMB (~440-730 USD) per month. Senior to supervising level reach 8000-10000 RMB (~1172-1465 USD). Roto/Paint artist/Modeler sometimes even work for 1000 RMB (~146 USD) per job/model/per month
-一名刚入门的新手到中等水平的艺术家一个月大概挣3000-4000元人民币（大约440-730美元）。老资格的总监级别的则能够达到每月8000-10000元人民币的水平（约合1172--1465美元每个月）。Roto/Paint 艺术家或者模型师有时候甚至是每月做一个模型 挣1000元人民币（约合146美元）的工资。
- there are no benefits (health, social, unemployment, retirement, pension) or whatsoever. Bonus is rare, many times promised but rarely paid
-这里没有什么津贴保障（健康保险，社会保险，失业保险，退休金，养老金）很少或干脆完全没有。奖金是罕见的，承诺多兑现少（译者插一句，这就是英国“经济学家”杂志所说的：“毛氏管理”）。
-no regulations on working hours neither OT payment (Many of my friends work 7 days/week) meaning there are no unions nor any regulations nor guilds thus zero protection nor any law enforcement which protects them.
-没有工作时间的约束控制也没有报酬（我的许多朋友每周7日一直在工作），这就意味着这里没有工会组织，没有任何保护员工的规定，无任何工会的保护（译者：国外的工会力量是非常强大的，能提供很好的产业或行业环境，可持续的发展），无法律的贯彻执行，总之没任何保护这些中国员工。
- they can fired without notice nor can get paid if the boss was not satisfied with their performance or work. There are official holidays but unpaid of course, the same is true if someone has to take sick-leave.
--如果老板对于他们的能力或者工作不满意则会无任何提前通知的情况被开除，也无任何报酬。这里有官方的节假日却没执行过，而且同样真实的情况的是，如果你请病假也不会被批准。
- they are asked to do everything from matchmoving, rotoscoping/clean-ups, modeling, texturing, animating, compositing, etc.
--这里他们要求做每一个工序，从画面追踪， rotoscoping动态遮罩/擦维亚钢丝，建模，贴图，动画，合成等等。（译者：也就是全能型员工，而 rotoscoping是指：用手工的方式为实拍画面中的元素创建Matte蒙版，这个Matte可以与另外一个背景合成，也可翻成：动态遮罩。）
- a job interview seldomly includes a showreel nor a a professional presentation of any kind. Most guys who run these sweat shops are either rich kids but mostly real estate guys who think that CG/VFX/Animation is an easy business to make fast bucks. Telling the boss that they know AE, Fusion, Shake, PFTrack, Boujou, Matchmover, Nuke, Flame, Realflow, 3DPaint, Mudbox, ZBrush, Dee Paint, Photoshop, Maya, 3Dmax, XSI, Houdini etc. gets them mostly a job.
-这里面试一个工作岗位很少会进行一个展示短片而且也不会让面试者对自己一方面的专业能力介绍。大多数运营这些血汗公司的不是有钱的富2代就是房产商（或者理解为奸商），而且大部分这些有钱人认为CG特效动画是一个很容易赚快钱的买卖。来应聘的人会告诉他们的老板，他会几乎所有的你听说过的3D软件或者后期合成软件（译者：看原文你就知道是多少软件了），这样大多数人就能够获得工作了。
- OK this means that all these kids have these application on their laptops, for free of course meaning you can download them from many Chinese servers including all plug-ins you possibly can imagine. Sure the goverment tries to implement copyright protection in China, but when i buy cracked DVD's i wonder why so many police officers, government officials buy DVD's
and copies of the latest ｗｉｎｄｏｗs application as well.
--好吧，这就意味着这些孩子们在他们的笔记本电脑装有这些CG特效软件，而免费的资源就说明你可以在在中国网络里下载所有你能想到的插件。虽然中国管理部门试图对版权进行保护，但是当我买到了破解版的DVD，我在思考为何很多中国相关执法部门和管理部门也在买DVD光盘并也运行着最新的视窗应用程序。
- PC's are dirt cheap and for every IT nerd China is the paradise is Zhongguancun (Chinese Silicon Valley) probably the biggest PC and consumer market of electronic products in the world with billions of revenue every year. Taiwan is in close proximity therefore electronic appliances vast and very cheap.
-桌面电脑现在非常的廉价，中国IT最大的市场是中关村（译者：本文作者介绍了一下中国的IT市场，产品如何的廉价。我就不具体翻译了。）
- to open a company costs basically nothing 5000 RMB (~732 USD) to get a license including a tax registration. BUT there is a huge sub-culture of home-grown businesses basically operating from rented appartments in a residental area. Many of them work on very successful ad campaigns with cracked Flames/Smokes and a fully blown post-facility, the stacked up server in the air-conditioned toilet.
-在中国开一家公司基本上花费也就5000元人民币（约合732美元）就可以去获得营业执照并得纳税登记。但是中国本土的一些企业有着强大的亚文化，这类公司常常在居民区租房子经营公司的工作。他们之中许多做的成功的广告制作公司通过盗版的 Flames/Smokes 软件来进行生产制作，而各种后期设备放的乱七八糟，那种机架式服务器竟然放在有空调的厕所里。
- talent pool is huge however there is no quality awareness nor any standards existing. The ones who can speak English try to go abroad without knowing how a company is management nor how does a real pipeline looks like. Traditional art skills (concept art, oil/ink painting, mattepainting) is really good and has a long history in China. On the animation and compositing side of things, the lack of experience and the shabby education is the biggest obstacles to become a professional in a western sense.
-中国特效行业的人才资源的是巨大的，但是这里没有质量意识和任何的标准。一些人会说英语并打算出国发展，但不了解公司如何经营也不清楚如何实现一个看上去不错的生产流程。他们的传统的艺术技能（概念艺术，油画/水墨画，mattepainting背景绘画）是真的不错，在中国有着很长的历史传统。而在动画和合成方面，
缺少经验和落后陈旧的教育是他们在西方成为专业工作者的最大障碍。
- the companies who are doing outsourcing jobs are mostly run by Chinese who had the money to study or work abroad and got used to the western style. And coming back to money many of them money or at least resources available many of us can only dream about.
--很多公司的外包业务大部分都是由中国人负责制作，而这些人不少是有财力出国学习和工作并且习惯于西方风格的。
这里以央视为例子吧，收益是全国性的，人们可以很容易的认为资金对于他们不是问题，而正确的联系（也就是所谓的拥有正确的"关系"）才是做成一笔动画生意的关键。好了，这里有一些数字，27000亿元人民币（约合395.43亿美元）（译者，作者介绍了一下他认为的世界性的国富民穷是哪些性质的国家，我就不具体翻译了，你懂的）
Now to my reality:
而现在是介绍（这位在华工作的外国特效总监）我目前的情况了：
Currently i work as a VFX Supe on 50 episodes of a TV adaptation of one of the 4 most famous novels in Chinese history.
最近我作为特效总监为一部以中国4大名著之一而改编的50集电视剧工作着。（译者：应该就是2012年上映的那部雷人剧新西游记）
Maybe you have heard about (Monkey King, Chinese: Xi You Ji) and the budget is 100m RMB (~14,6m USD) with an overall VFX budget of 15m RMB (~2,2m USD). YES !! i am not joking, the average per episode is 300000 RMB (~44000 USD) including everything VFX can do from complex wire/rig removel to clean-up work to CG creatures, mattepainting and compositing. Average shot count is 200 per episode.
Timeframe until completion of all 50 episodes is 8 months !! with roughly 300 artists. Plans for the future from some really crazy real-estate guys is to build animation/vfx factories with 7000 !! employees.
时间表上要求在8个月内完成所有50集的工作!! 大概有300名艺术工作者，未来计划外包给那些疯狂工作的血汗公司的7000名员工来制作这些动画和特效!!
I work now non-stop for 4,5 months without a single day of rest and 15 hours on-set, of course it is winter and no heating system nor air-suction system existing.
我目前连续工作了4-5个月没有一天休息，而且连续15小时在现场，尽管这里是冬天，但这里没有加热系统也没有空调。
We shot for 1 month above 3000m (close to Tibet) in snow, drizzle, rain, ice with 2 HDCams and a crew of 15 production guys and 30 stunt/wire members. Lunch is outside, wake up call was 5:30. Stunt and wire crew (all Kungfu kids from famous Hunan martial art schools close to the Shaolin temple, some even grew up there as Kungfu monks because their parents couldn't afford their aducation or simple had not enough money to raise them) are without doubt the best of the best and the toughest guys i ever met but at the same time warm-hearted and extremely polite.
No matter how long you drag them, they work their ass-off to please their master ('sufu') or climb up (of course unsecured) on the roof supporting beams of the studio ceiling to fix their wires. One of our directors is a ex-stunt guy and he commnd them with a voice like a drill sergeant of a marine corp. No argueing or complain, they obey like they have learned as Kungfu student.
无论你怎么要求他们，他们总是对他们的大师（“师傅”）很尊敬或者在攀爬（肯定没有任何保险的那种）到屋顶站在天花板的横梁去修理屋顶的天线。我们的导演之一是一个杰出的特技演员，他对特技人员发布指令的声音就像海运公司的教官。他们在特技组里没有抱怨和争执，他们的服从就像作为学习功夫的学生所学到那样。
The studio i am working barely fullfills any safety standard. Like mentioned no air suction system, especially critial when they paint spray a new built set besides our huge bluescreen cyc or when they burn diesel instead of vegetable oil for their set torches. Besides that the whole floor is covered by powdered fine sand to act a set flooring.
BUT the efficency is high, no bullshit, no coffee break, no safety harnesses, no union regulations, sets are build around the clock, labors are plenty and cost basically nothing, a carpenter earns 40 RMB (~5,85 USD) per hour, some work for half or a third. Quality of construction is good, eventhough breathing in such a set is not recommended at all is paint highly poisoning.
不过这么做是高效的（译者：这里可理解是反讽的语气），没有人废话，没有休息的咖啡时间，没有安全吊带之类的安全设置，没有统一的工会组织妨碍，所有的现场设置的都是按小时来计算，工作人员是非常的多而且人工成本几乎可忽略不计，一个木工每小时才挣40元人民币（约合5.85美元），而有一些人工作成本是刚才说的1/2或者1/3。而那些现场场景的建筑质量都是不错的，虽然我不建议工作在在这样可导致中毒的高度油漆挥发环境里。
I wear during my supe time a half gas mask from 3M which makes the communication with the director a little bit difficult but anyway let me feel a little bit like Darth Vader :-)
有一半的工作时间我是带着3M品牌的油漆防毒面具，这让我和导演进行交流的时候有些困难，不过这也让感觉自己有些像Darth Vader :-)哈哈 。（译者介绍：Darth Vader 是电影星球大战里的带面具人物角色，搜索一下就能看到这个角色的造型了）
Fixed can be basically everything in no time, like mentioned a broken set piece or prop including a camera operator who dropped 15 feet from a crane after a bolt broke and lead to a several brain insury or a power supply cable which caught fire after being overloaded.
基本上每一样东西都没时间现场修复。例如说到的那个已经损坏的布景或者之前由于螺栓损坏而导致摄影师从15英尺高的吊车上摔下来以及由于电源过载导致一组或几组电脑的供电电缆燃烧起火。
So my conclusion and explanation why producers pull out their secret outsourcing weapon and are looking into Asia (China). It is cheap and fast and many things can be accomplished or even tried out which would be impossible in the West for obvious reasons like insame TNT explosions or alike.
所以我的结论就能解释了为何制片人们会将业务外包作为他们的秘密武器，去亚洲（特别是中国）来寻找公司制作。因为这里能便宜而快速的完成很多事情，而且更明显的原因就是能完成在西方不可能做到的事情，这里有那些做事像火药一样的血汗制作公司。
Ok thats it, hope it was interesting even too long (for sure) but i think its a post that can give someone a ｗｉｎｄｏｗ in how things run on the other side of the world.好了，就是这样，希望本文是有趣的，虽然有点罗嗦（这是当然啦），但我认为这算是通过一个窗口让世界其他地区的后期行业人员来了解这里是如何工作的。
If someone is interested to learn more, pls feel free to visit my China blog at http://mkolars.spaces.live.com
如果你想了解更多，请来访问我在中国的博客http://mkolars.spaces.live.com。
Thanks and a HAPPY NEW YEAR to all VFX folks around the planet, pls don't forget not only you have a hard time now, i live with it every f***ing day.
最后感谢并祝愿全球从事特效行业的同行们新年快乐，请别忘记不只是你现在处于艰难的时刻，我现在的生活每一天也很操蛋。
Best,
Mark
PS: Sorry for any typos or for my sometimes more German word order
ps:对这个稿子的拼写错误感到抱歉，我有时候会写德文语法。（译者：作者来自欧洲的奥地利，母语是德语，）
文章中的作者的那个博客貌似荒废了，但通过作者的名字:Mkolars，你可找的新个人网站地址.
20121223更新一些内容
译者更新：找到作者在国外论坛上发帖地址：http://www.vfxtalk.com/threads/23110-ｗｉｎｄｏｗ-into-the-Chinese-VFX-scene
额，比我想象的要早几年，原先看到时候是国内某博客全英文转载的，是2011年转载的，我以为是2011年初2010年末写的。而实际作者是09年12月在国外论坛发帖的。所以文章里的一些内容现在看似乎有点过时，那段时期正好也是金融危机后期，所以作者说生活的比较操蛋吧？。例如制作的专业化分类，那种全能型的员工已经不是主流了，至少国内不少公司已经专业化分工了，也许一些资历老的广告公司的牛人还是全能型。
CR 于 2014-6-1 10:08:51
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